PSG has now secured the prestigious trophy on 14 separate times.
Paris Saint-Germain required a stoppage-time equaliser followed by a perfect spot-kick decider to overcome their arch-rivals in Kuwait and capture a record-extending fourth consecutive French Super Cup victory.
The European champions seemed to be coasting towards a comfortable win in the match featuring the Ligue 1 champions and the French Cup holders after the French winger found the net early on.
Yet, the southern French side struck twice late to take a shock lead. Initially, Mason Greenwood converted from the penalty spot, before the defender inadvertently turned the ball into his own net for an own goal.
In a remarkable twist of events, the Portuguese striker snatched a crucial leveler in the final seconds to send the match into a penalty shootout. PSG goalkeeper Lucas Chevalier then stood as the hero, stopping decisive kicks from O'Riley and Hamed Traore.
In the shootout, Ramos, Vitinha, Nuno Mendes, and Desire Doue all converted successfully for Paris Saint-Germain to seal a convincing shootout victory.
Now 14-time champions Paris Saint-Germain, who met last season's Ligue 1 runners-up Marseille after achieving a domestic double, have now won this competition for the twelfth time in the past thirteen years.